Software defined cooperative offloading for mobile cloudlets

Device to Device communication enables the deployment of mobile cloudlets in LTE-advanced networks. The distributed nature of mobile users and dynamic task arrivals makes it challenging to schedule tasks fairly among multiple devices. Leveraging the idea of software defined networking, we propose a software defined cooperative offloading model (SDCOM), where the SDCOM controller is deployed at the PDN gateway and schedules tasks in a centralized manner to save the energy of mobile devices and reduce the traffic on access links. We formulate the minimum-energy task scheduling problem as a 0-1 knapsack problem and prove its NP-hardness. To compute the optimal solution as a benchmark, we design the conditioned optimal algorithm based on the aggregated analysis of energy consumption. The greedy algorithm with a polynominal-time complexity is proposed to solve large-scale problems efficiently. To address the problem without predicting future information on task arrivals, we further design an online task scheduling algorithm (OTS). It can minimize the energy consumption arbitrarily close to the optimal solution by appropriately setting the tradeoff coefficient. Moreover, we extend OTS to design a proportional fair online task scheduling algorithm to achieve the fair energy consumption among mobile devices. Extensive tracebased simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of SDCOM for a variety of typical mobile devices and applications.