Halide Perovskite Nanostructures: Processing Methods and Optoelectronics Applications

Low-dimensional halide perovskites, including quantum dots, nanowires, and nanosheets, hold significant promise for optoelectronic applications due to their distinctive quantum confinement effects, adjustable bandgaps, superior carrier dynamics, and cost-effective solution processing. This review explores the properties and benefits of these materials, which, through dimensional tuning, achieve high photoluminescence quantum yields, robust exciton binding energies, and remarkable defect tolerance. We investigate various prevalent synthesis techniques, such as hot injection, ligand-assisted reprecipitation, and vapor deposition, alongside recent advancements and innovations in these methods. Moreover, we examine the latest research on applying low-dimensional halide perovskites in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, photodetectors, and lasers, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize next-generation optoelectronic devices. The review also addresses key challenges in commercializing these materials and suggests future research directions. By providing comprehensive insights, this review aims to advance the development of high-performance, durable, low-dimensional halide perovskites and their integration into optoelectronic technologies.