Hydrochromic convertibility on fiberized self-assembling of copper-based perovskite quantum dots

Halide perovskite presents great competitive advantages in the new generation of stimuli-responsive materials, while the tuning of fluorescence emission is still limited by irritative factors and external conditions. Herein, anti-solvent assisted crystallization and in-situ synthesis are innovatively combined to accomplish the fiberized self-assembly of copper-based perovskite quantum dots economically and environmentally, which makes humidity a novel stimulus for luminescence regulation. Under the excitation of medium-wave UV, the original Cs₃Cu₂I₅-CsCu₂I₃@polyacrylonitrile (CCI@PAN) fibers exhibit a main emission peak of 460 nm with a shoulder at 550 nm, and the intensity of shoulder peak is gradually increased with the continuous addition of moisture. Switching from blue to yellow fluorescence is achieved in CCI@PAN fiber membrane by the introduction of water, which is attributed to the ultra-high solubility of CsI in water. Moreover, owing to the spatial limitation of the nanofibers, the unique incomplete reversibility exhibited by the nanofiber membrane during water removal predicts that the nanofiber membrane can be used as a permanent recording material. Overall, this work deeply explores the influence of humidity on the fluorescence and structure of perovskite quantum dots, providing a method to synthesize innovative perovskite nanofiber composites based on emission conversion, which has broad prospects in advanced anti-counterfeiting, biological protection display, information encryption and smart wearable devices.